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What is Critical Appraisal?

The Centre for Evidence Based Medicine defines Critical Appraisal as the systematic evaluation of clinical research papers in order to establish whether a study:

  • Addresses a clearly focused question?
  • Uses valid methods to address this question?
  • Finds valid results which are important?
  • Finds results which are applicable to my patient or population?

If the study in question does not adequately answer all of these questions, it may not be worthwhile continuing with.

Critical Appraisal Worksheets (CEBM)

The Centre for Evidence Based Medicine provides worksheets to assist with the critical appraisal of various publication types:

Each worksheet is a downloadable pdf document which follows a standard way of appraising evidence based on the publication type. Translations of the worksheets are available for a variety of languages. 

Catalogue of Bias (CEBM)

Catalogue of Bias - compiled by the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine 

Examples of Bias included in the catalogue are:

 and many more

Critical Appraisal Books

Critical Appraisal Checklists - CASP

Critical Appraisals Skills Programme (CASP) provides checklists to support appraisal of a variety of different study types, including:

These are provided in:

  • PDF format which can be filled in online
  • "Print and Fill" format which can be downloaded

They are free to use and download under the Creative Commons License.

CASP also provide a glossary of useful terms. 

Levels of Evidence Table (CEBM)

The Center for Evidence Based Medicine (CEBM) have produced information on Levels of Evidence

Levels of Evidence an Introduction

Levels of Evidence Background

Levels of Evidence Table 

HSE Library, Health Service Executive. Dr. Steevens' Library, Dr. Steevens' Hospital, Dublin 8. D08 W2A8 Tel: 01-6352555/8. Email: hselibrary@hse.ie

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